What term describes making products obsolete so consumers must buy more?

The correct term for making products obsolete so that consumers are compelled to purchase new ones is planned obsolescence. This concept involves designers and manufacturers intentionally creating products with a limited useful life or introducing new features at a pace that encourages users to upgrade their devices or products. The strategy can include factors like using materials that wear out quickly, adding features that make older models seem outdated, or creating a fashion trend around newer products.

This practice is prevalent in technology and consumer goods, where companies may release new editions or models annually, making previous versions feel less desirable or even obsolete. By doing so, businesses maintain a cycle of consumption and ensure ongoing sales.

In contrast, market fluctuation refers to the variations in the price and demand for products over time, brand loyalty is about consumers' commitment to repurchasing a brand, and consumer saturation denotes a point at which a market can no longer absorb additional sales without a decline.